Valley of 10,000 Smokes, Aerial View, Katmai National Park, April, 2004

After the cataclysmic eruption of Novarupta Volcano, in 1912, approximately 40 square miles of land were buried under volcanic deposits, as deep as 700 feet. As things cooled, thousands of steam vents formed from the cool river water lying underneath. Robert Griggs, exploring this area in the aftermath, for National Geographic, named it for its tens of thousands of steaming fumaroles.

©Photo by Anton Littau with an Olympus Camedia C-2100 camera, Fred Anderson, pilot

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